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Current Expected Credit Loss Accounting [Video]

Current Expected Credit Loss Accounting

The FASB issued an accounting standard update (ASU 2016-13) on current expected credit losses (CECL) on June 16, 2016. Prior to this update, companies reported credit losses only when it was probable a loss had been incurred.

This “incurred loss method” became a problem during the 2008 financial crisis. Banks weren’t recognizing losses fast enough, as GAAP didn’t allow them to consider future developments. Thus, in spite of a bleak economic outlook, loan loss reserves weren’t being adjusted to account for the future expected losses.

Under the new CECL method, companies must incorporate information from forward-looking forecasts to estimate credit losses over the entire contractual life of the asset. In short, banks and other companies must now forecast future economic conditions and record expected credit losses. We are therefore shifting from an incurred-loss model to an expected-loss model, and this is intended to accelerate the recognition of impairments.

Now this accounting rule doesn’t just apply to banks. It applies to companies holding any of the following financial assets:
• Trade receivables
• Lease receivables from a sales-type or direct-financing lease
• Reinsurance receivables
• Receivables related to repurchase agreements
• Loans held for investment
• Held-to-maturity debt securities carried at amortized cost
• Some off balance sheet credit exposures like loan commitments and financial guarantees

Note that the CECL rules do NOT apply to:
• Loans held for sale
• Trading assets
• Financial assets for which the company has elected the fair value option
• Loans or receivables between entities under common control

So let’s talk about the journal entry that a company would record. If a company expects to have a future credit loss, it would:
• Record credit loss expense
• Record a credit loss allowance. The allowance account is a contra asset; you don’t reduce the asset directly

Credit loss expense 500
Allowance for expected credit losses 500

If circumstances later change and the company doesn’t believe it will have a credit loss, the company can simply reverse the entry. In any case, the balance sheet shows the net amount the company expects to collect. In rare cases, recognizing zero credit losses might be appropriate

So, how should a company measure the allowance?

The FASB didn’t mandate a specific method. Companies could use:
• Discounted cash flow methods
• Probability-of-default methods
• Loss-rate methods
• Roll-rate methods
• An aging schedule

It’s up to each company to develop its own estimation model. If a company has financial assets with similar risk characteristics (asset type, term, credit ratings, geography) it can pool those assets and evaluate them on a collective basis, and if the company ultimately finds that a financial asset is uncollectible, it should write the account off:

Allowance for expected credit losses 500
Financial asset 500

Now if you’re wondering about the international accounting rules:
The IASB adopted a similar credit loss model in 2014 (IFRS 9), so companies outside the U.S. also need to estimate future expected credit losses. However, there are differences between the international rules and U.S. rules, so make sure to refer to IFRS 9 if your company follows IFRS

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Resources for Accountants

Overview of ASC 805 [Video]

Accounting for business combinations under ASC 805 can be quite complex! Do you know the difference between a business combination and an asset acquisition under U.S. GAAP? The answer to this question is important because the accounting is totally different! No worries. We have you covered in this CPE-eligible, eLearning course (1.5 CPE)! In this online course we begin with the definition of a business and whether a transaction falls within the scope of ASC 805. We then provide you with an overview of the 4-step acquisition method set out in ASC 805, including whether assets and liabilities acquired should be recognized apart from goodwill and, if so, how they should be measured. If you’re new to the accounting for business combinations under U.S. GAAP, this course is a great place to start! Take the course: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/product/business-combinations-overview-of-asc-805/ Buy all three courses and save! https://www.gaapdynamics.com/product/asc-805-business-combinations/ Learn more about GAAP Dynamics: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/ Check out our other online courses on the GAAP Dynamics Learning Library: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/individual-learning/ Subscribe to GAAP Dynamics to see more videos like these!

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How to Calculate the Right-of-use Asset [Video]

When the lessee capitalizes a lease, it doesn’t just record a liability; it also records a right-of-use asset. At the commencement of the lease, the right-of-use asset is calculated as follows:Initial measurement of lease liability + lease prepayments + initial direct costs + costs to dismantle/remove the asset or restore the site - lease incentives received from the lessor = right-of-use asset The right-of-use asset is then recorded on the lessee's statement of financial position and depreciated over the lease term.— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin

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Resources for Accountants

Internal Rate of Return (IRR) | Formula | Calculation with Example [Video]

In this video on internal rate of return (irr), here we learn formula, example of irr along with significance and its drawbacks.𝐖𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 (𝐈𝐑𝐑)?-------------------------------------------------------------------Internal return rate is the rate at which the net present value of the project is zero, the rate at which future cash flows are adjusted to calculate the present value.𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 (𝐈𝐑𝐑) 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚-------------------------------------------------------------------NPV= 0= CF0 + CF1/(1+IRR)^1 + CF2/(1+IRR)^2 + ..... CFn/(1+IRR)^n𝐒𝐭𝐞𝐩𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐈𝐑𝐑 𝐢𝐧 𝐄𝐱𝐜𝐞𝐥------------------------------------------------------#1 - Calculate Cash inflows and outflows in a standard format.#2 - Use the IRR formula in Excel#3 - Compare IRR to Discount Rate𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 (𝐈𝐑𝐑) 𝐒𝐢𝐠𝐧𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞-------------------------------------------------------------------------The IRR of any project shall be estimated taking into account the following three assumptions:1- The investments made are kept until the maturity dates.2 - The intermediate cash flows will reinvest itself in IRR.3 - By nature all cash flows are periodic, or the time gaps between various cash flows are equal.To know more about 𝐈𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐑𝐞𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐧 (𝐈𝐑𝐑), you can go to this 𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐤 𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞:- https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/internal-rate-of-return-irr/Subscribe to our channel to get new updated videos. Click the button above to subscribe or click on the link below to subscribe - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChlNXSK2tC9SJ2Fhhb2kOUw?sub_confirmation=1

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Resources for Accountants

Application of ASC 805 [Video]

This is the introductory video for the third course of the three-part Business Combinations eLearning series. Now that you are familiar with the basic accounting rules and certain ASC 805 advanced issues, this course will apply that knowledge by walking through an example acquisition and requiring you to identify the proper accounting treatment. Take the course: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/product/business-combinations-application-of-asc-805/ Buy all three courses and save! https://www.gaapdynamics.com/product/asc-805-business-combinations/ Learn more about GAAP Dynamics: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/ Check out our other online courses on the GAAP Dynamics Learning Library: https://www.gaapdynamics.com/individual-learning/ Subscribe to GAAP Dynamics to see more videos like these!