AVERAGE Function in Excel – In this tutorial, we’ll go over the best way to find the average in an Excel data set using the ‘Average’ formula.How to use AVERAGE Function in Excel?——————————————–In Excel, the AVERAGE function calculates the arithmetic mean of a series of numeric data. This formula belongs to the Statistical Functions category.AVERAGE Excel Formula:——————————————–=AVERAGE(number 1, [number 2]…)Where,number 1 – This is the required number and the number for which the average is calculated.[number 2], [number 3], .. [number n] – These numbers are optional and can be entered as numbers, named ranges, ranges, or numeric values in cell references. —————————————————————————————–To know more about the AVERAGE Function, you can go to this link: https://www.wallstreetmojo.com/average-function-in-excel/——————————————————————————————Connect with us! Youtube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UChlNXSK2tC9SJ2Fhhb2kOUw?sub_confirmation=1LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/wallstreetmojo/mycompany/ Facebook https://www.facebook.com/wallstreetmojo Instagram https://www.instagram.com/wallstreetmojoofficial/ Twitter https://twitter.com/wallstreetmojo
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When the maturities of assets and liabilities aren’t matched, the bank could experience a cash flow shortfall. For example, let’s say a bank uses short-term borrowing (a one-year note) to finance long-term assets (30-year loans) because short-term borrowing generally costs less than long-term borrowing. However, this presents a problem: the one-year note will need to be repaid before the bank collects the principal from the 30-year loans. If the bank can roll over the short-term debt, it can continue to finance the 30-year loans. But what if the bank can’t roll over the debt when it comes due, and the bank can’t find an alternative source of funds? The bank wouldn’t have cash to repay the debt (since the loan principal is still outstanding) and would run out of cash. This mismatch between asset and liability cash flows is called the cash flow gap (it’s also known as the maturity gap).To avoid this outcome, banks try to match asset and liability positions so there are always sufficient funds to cover short-term liabilities that mature. — Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
With the earning gap, we saw that changes in interest rates could affect the bank’s profit. But changes in interest rates can also affect the value of the bank’s equity. This is because changes in interest rates:• Affect floating-rate and fixed-rate instruments in different ways, with the value of fixed-rate instruments usually being more sensitive to changes in interest rates• Affect long-term and short-term instruments in different ways, with the value of long-term instruments usually being more sensitive to changes in interest ratesA bank can measure the sensitivity of a financial instrument by calculating its duration. The bank can then try to minimize the duration gap, which is the difference between the duration of the bank’s financial assets and the duration of the bank’s financial liabilities. Reducing the duration gap will mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the value of the bank. — Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
MSU Director & BKD Leadership Professor Kim Church, PhD, shares why college accounting programs must evolve to meet the needs of future CPAs. #cpaevolution #thiswaytocpa #accountingeducation
AICPA Town Hall Series – July 27 Edition
Mismatches between a bank’s source of funds (liabilities) and use of funds (assets) can affect the bank’s profit. This is best explained with an example.Imagine a bank with one asset and one liability:• The asset is a fixed-rate loan with an interest rate of 5%• The liability is a floating-rate note with an interest rate of 2%Thus, the bank has a net interest margin of 3%. But what if the interest rate on the floating-rate note increases to 2.2%? The bank’s net interest margin will shrink to 2.8%. This occurred because we had a mismatch: a fixed-rate asset and a floating-rate liability. Here’s an example of a different kind of mismatch.Imagine a bank with one asset and one liability:• The asset is a fixed-rate loan with an interest rate of 5%• The liability is a fixed-rate note with an interest rate of 2%The bank again has a net interest margin of 3%. But what if the fixed-rate loan has a term of 30 years, while the fixed-rate note has a term of 6 months? If interest rates rise, the bank’s net interest margin will decrease when it repays the note at the end of 6 months and obtains new financing at the higher rate. If the bank obtained new financing at a rate of 2.4%, then it’s net interest margin would be 2.6%. Again, the bank suffered from a mismatch problem. This time, the mismatch occurred because the bank funded a long-term asset with a short-term liability.It’s difficult to solve the mismatch problem. A local bank that focuses on conventional mortgages might have assets that are primarily fixed-rate mortgages and liabilities that are primarily floating-rate savings accounts. A bank could reduce this risk by entering into an interest rate swap. Alternatively, a bank might have fixed-rate assets that reset monthly and floating-rate liabilities that reset quarterly. If interest rates are declining, the interest rate earned on assets will reset faster and reduce the net interest margin. To estimate the effect of interest rate changes, banks compare the principals of assets and liabilities that are repriced during a period.Banks then try to reduce this earning gap, which is the difference between rate-sensitive and rate-sensitive liabilities.— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
A bank is a financial intermediary that collects funds from depositors and lends the funds to others at a higher rate than it pays to depositors (this is the net interest margin). Historically, you could calculate a bank’s profit as follows:interest earned from borrowers – interest paid to depositors = bank profitTo increase profit, banks focused on funding their activities at the lowest possible cost.But the banking industry has changed significantly.Loans used to account for nearly all of a bank’s revenue; today, banks generate additional income from investments in securities, speculation with derivatives, and other sources. While deposits used to be the primary source of funds, banks now obtain funds with short- and long-term borrowing, securitizations, and collateralized borrowings. These changes brought new types of risk. Unfortunately, many banks failed to manage these risks, and some banks became insolvent or required a bailout during the 2008 financial crisis. The banking industry has evolved, however, and banks now manage these risks with asset-liability management (ALM). ALM is the process of matching assets and liabilities to manage risk; specifically, to protect against adverse changes to the bank’s profit, firm value, and liquidity. Banks carry out ALM by optimizing the following gaps:• The earning gap• The duration gap• The cash flow gap• The liquidity gap— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
The IRS now asks whether you sold, received, or exchanged any virtual currency on the first page of the 1040. And the IRS has sent letters to people who haven’t reported income from crypto transactions.Here are the tax rules: Cryptocurrency is property, so it’s taxed when you have a realizable event. This means:o You sold it for U.S. dollarso You exchanged it for another cryptocurrencyo You exchanged it for goods/servicesThus, if you buy crypto and the value goes up, but you don’t sell or exchange it, you don’t owe any tax. But if you do sell it or exchange it, you’ll have a capital gain or loss.o What you received, minus what you paid, is your gain or losso Thus, if you paid $30,000 and sell for $35,000 you’ve got a $5,000 capital gaino That gets reported on IRS Form 8949Now if you mine cryptocurrency, or receive it as payment for doing a job, that’s different.o The value of the cryptocurrency you receive in that case would be reported as self-employment income. It would be taxed when you receive ito If the value of the crypto you received later changes and you sell/exchange it, you would then have a capital gain or loss— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
AICPA Town Hall Series – July 22 Edition
Amazon is on track to become the largest company in the world as measured by revenue.Amazon currently generates revenue from 6 sources:(1) online stores (2) physical stores(3) commissions from third-party sellers(4) sales of Prime members(5) advertising(6) AWS (Amazon Web Services)— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
I’ll be releasing a video series on asset-liability management (ALM) for banks. After that I’ll be releasing a series of U.S. tax videos along with some videos for the CPA and CMA exam.— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin
As part of the financial due diligence in buying a company, buyers will sometimes hire a third party to perform a quality of earnings analysis. More recently, it’s becoming common for the seller to hire someone to issue a quality of earnings report as well. If you’re buying or investing, it’s called a “buy-side quality of earnings report.”If you’re selling the business, it’s a “sell-side quality of earnings report.”So why would a seller want a quality of earnings report? There are several reasons: 1. To increase the purchase price2. To increase the chance of the deal closing3. To reduce the risk of litigationLet’s start with the purchase price. If the seller gets a QoE report that shows the company has clean accounting and no issues, this will reduce uncertainty among potential buyers. Less uncertainty means more bidders, and more bidders means a higher purchase price. Also: the main purpose of a QoE report is to adjust EBITDA. But do you think the buy-side QoE team is going to be arguing for lots of adjustments to increase EBITDA? No, that would cause the buyer to have to pay more. A sell-side QoE team can thus argue for upward adjustments to EBITDA where they are appropriate. Next, let’s talk about the deal closing. A sell-side QoE can uncover any accounting problems so they can be ironed out before the company starts shopping itself to buyers. The last thing you want is for a deal to fall apart during the due diligence phase because the buyer discovers the EBITDA has been significantly overstated. A sell-side QoE report will also reduce the time it takes for the deal to close, because the seller will already have all the contracts and other documents in place when it comes time for the buy-side QoE. The selling company’s management will also be prepared for the QoE, having already gone through the process once. The buy-side QoE will thus go more quickly and the deal can close faster.Finally, let’s discuss litigation. A sell-side QoE team can help with negotiations and drafting the purchase agreement. Lawsuits can occur after a deal if there’s a disagreement about how much working capital the company would need. The sell-side QoE team can help the seller’s legal team foresee such issues and draft a clear, ironclad purchase agreement. — Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST* Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725* Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc* Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA* Website: https://www.edspira.com* Blog: https://www.edspira.com/blog/ * Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira* Facebook group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/561316587899818//* Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/edspira* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira— CONNECT WITH MICHAEL* Website: http://www.MichaelMcLaughlin.com* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin* Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prof.michael.mclaughlin* Snapchat: https://www.snapchat.com/add/prof_mclaughlin*Twitch: https://twitch.tv/prof_mclaughlin * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/prof_mclaughlin*TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin