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Quality of Earnings Adjustments [Video]

Quality of Earnings Adjustments

The purpose of the quality of earnings analysis is to make adjustments to the seller’s EBITDA so the buyer has a full understanding of the company’s financial performance.

A variety of adjustments can be made to EBITDA, but they can be grouped into 3 categories:

1. Nonrecurring/nonoperational adjustments
2. Pro forma/normalizing adjustments
3. Accounting adjustments

Nonrecurring (or nonoperational) adjustments remove the effects of one-time gains or losses. This could include:
• Asset impairments
• Gains or losses from the disposal of fixed assets
• Restructuring costs (e.g., lease termination fees, severance costs)

Pro forma/normalizing adjustments update historical revenues/expenses to reflect recent changes. For example, what if the cost of rent, salaries, or raw materials recently increased? This wouldn’t be reflected in historical financial statements since accounting is backward-looking, but these changes would affect the company’s profit going forward. Thus, EBITDA should be adjusted to reflect these higher costs.

Accounting adjustments can occur for a variety of reasons. If the company is a small firm, it’s possible they use cash-basis accounting. Thus, the seller’s EBITDA can be adjusted to be consistent with accrual accounting. Accounting adjustments might also need to be made if the company incorrectly applied accounting principles, perhaps by capitalizing costs that should have been expensed or improperly recognizing revenue to inflate profits.

A good QoE analysis will catch these issues and adjust the seller’s EBITDA accordingly.

Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD.
Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education accessible to all people.

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Resources for Accountants

How to Account for Early Retirement of Bonds [Video]

This video explains how to account for the early retirement of bonds (aka early extinguishment of debt or early redemption of bonds).When a company retires (redeems) its bonds prior to the maturity date, the company must do several things:-Reduce the cash account by the amount used to repurchase the bonds (if cash is used to retire the bonds)-Remove the bonds payable-Zero out the unamortized discount or unamortized premium-Record a gain or loss IF the repurchase price is different from the carrying value (aka book value) of the bonds on the date the bonds are retiredThere are two ways to calculate the gain or loss on the early retirement of the bonds:(1) record the journal entry; if a debit is required to make the journal entry balance, then debit a loss on early retirement (or loss on bond redemption, loss on early extinguishment of debt, etc.). If a credit is instead required to make the journal entry balance, the credit a gain on early retirement (or gain on bond redemption, gain on early extinguishment of debt, etc.)(2) calculate the difference between the repurchase price (the amount paid to retire the bonds) and carrying value (aka book value) of the bonds at the time they are retired. If the repurchase price is less than the carrying value, there is a gain. If the repurchase price is greater than the carrying value, there is a loss.0:00 Introduction0:39 4 things to do when retiring bonds1:20 Example3:59 T-account for discount on bonds payable4:18 Journal entry to record gain on retirement of bonds5:53 Alternative situation (loss on retirement of bonds)— Edspira is the creation of Michael McLaughlin, an award-winning professor who went from teenage homelessness to a PhD. Edspira’s mission is to make a high-quality business education freely available to the world.— SUBSCRIBE FOR A FREE 53-PAGE GUIDE TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, PLUS: • A 23-PAGE GUIDE TO MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING• A 44-PAGE GUIDE TO U.S. TAXATION• A 75-PAGE GUIDE TO FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS• MANY MORE FREE PDF GUIDES AND SPREADSHEETS* http://eepurl.com/dIaa5z— SUPPORT EDSPIRA ON PATREON*https://www.patreon.com/prof_mclaughlin— GET CERTIFIED IN FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS, IFRS 16, AND ASSET-LIABILITY MANAGEMENT * https://edspira.thinkific.com — LISTEN TO THE SCHEME PODCAST * Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/scheme/id1522352725 * Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/4WaNTqVFxISHlgcSWNT1kc * Website: https://www.edspira.com/podcast-2/ — GET TAX TIPS ON TIKTOK * https://www.tiktok.com/@prof_mclaughlin — ACCESS INDEX OF VIDEOS * https://www.edspira.com/index — CONNECT WITH EDSPIRA * Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Edspira * Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/edspiradotcom * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/edspira — CONNECT WITH MICHAEL * Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/Prof_McLaughlin * LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-michael-mclaughlin — ABOUT EDSPIRA AND ITS CREATOR * https://www.edspira.com/about/* https://michaelmclaughlin.com

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Resources for Accountants

How to Buy Crypto with the Help of AI [Video]

Cryptocurrency investing has grown exponentially in the last decade, and artificial intelligence (AI) is making it more accessible and smarter than ever. Whether you're a beginner or a seasoned trader, AI can help you make more informed decisions, manage risks, and automate processes. In this guide, we’ll walk you step by step through how to buy cryptocurrency using AI tools and platforms.

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Resources for Accountants

Key Steps and Strategies for Starting a Business [Video]

Starting a business is an exciting and challenging endeavor that requires careful planning and strategic execution. Whether you are launching a small startup or a large enterprise, understanding the key steps and strategies involved is essential for turning your vision into a successful venture. This video outlines the crucial stages and tactics to help you navigate the complexities of starting a business and increase your chances of long-term success.

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Resources for Accountants

Taking the Pipeline Pledge [Video]

Mark Koziel, CEO of the AICPA, encourages accountants to take the Pipeline Pledge, an initiative of the National Pipeline Advisory Group. Its goal is to spur CPAs to volunteer and take action to increase awareness of accounting among K-12 and college students, and to support those considering a career in the profession. Visit https://www.accountingpipeline.org/participate/